{"id":14058,"date":"2026-02-17T18:36:09","date_gmt":"2026-02-17T16:36:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/?page_id=14058"},"modified":"2026-10-09T15:31:04","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T13:31:04","slug":"victor-hugo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/fr\/victor-hugo\/","title":{"rendered":"Victor Hugo"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"14058\" class=\"elementor elementor-14058\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-dce-background-overlay-color=\"#FC6C13\" data-dce-background-image-url=\"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/hugo.webp\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6214a03 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6214a03\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-270fc0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"270fc0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"eminescu-header-light\">\n    <span class=\"reveal-tag\">Destin \u2022 Libert\u00e9 \u2022 \u00c9ternit\u00e9<\/span>\n    <div class=\"title-container\">\n        <h1 class=\"main-name-solid\">Victor<\/h1>\n        <h1 class=\"main-name-stroke\"> Hugo<\/h1>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<\/div>\n\n<style>\n@import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Montserrat:wght@900&family=Playfair+Display:wght@900&display=swap');\n\n.eminescu-header-light {\n    text-align: center;\n    padding: 60px 20px;\n    font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif;\n    background: transparent; \n}\n\n\/* Eticheta de sus cu galbenul specific #F9C70C *\/\n.reveal-tag {\n    display: block;\n    font-weight: 900;\n    text-transform: uppercase;\n    letter-spacing: 10px;\n    color: #F9C70C;\n    font-size: 0.85rem;\n    margin-bottom: 15px;\n    opacity: 0;\n    animation: dropFadeEminescu 0.8s ease forwards;\n}\n\n.title-container {\n    display: block;\n    line-height: 0.8;\n}\n\n\/* Textul solid - Alb pur *\/\n.main-name-solid {\n    font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;\n    font-size: clamp(3.5rem, 15vw, 10rem);\n    margin: 0;\n    color: #ffffff;\n    text-transform: uppercase;\n    opacity: 0;\n    animation: slideUpEminescu 1s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.8, 0.2, 1) forwards 0.4s;\n}\n\n\/* Textul cu contur - Alb pur *\/\n.main-name-stroke {\n    font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;\n    font-size: clamp(3.5rem, 15vw, 10rem);\n    margin: 0;\n    color: transparent;\n    -webkit-text-stroke: 2px #ffffff;\n    text-transform: uppercase;\n    opacity: 0;\n    animation: slideUpEminescu 1s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.8, 0.2, 1) forwards 0.6s,\n               subtleFloatEminescu 5s ease-in-out infinite 1.6s;\n}\n\n\/* Linia ro\u0219ie de accent *\/\n.header-red-line {\n    width: 0;\n    height: 6px;\n    background: #D62828;\n    margin: 30px auto 0;\n    animation: expandLineEminescu 1.2s ease-out forwards 1.4s;\n}\n\n\/* --- ANIMA\u021aII --- *\/\n\n@keyframes dropFadeEminescu {\n    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-30px); }\n    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }\n}\n\n@keyframes slideUpEminescu {\n    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(80px); }\n    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }\n}\n\n@keyframes expandLineEminescu {\n    from { width: 0; }\n    to { width: 220px; }\n}\n\n@keyframes subtleFloatEminescu {\n    0%, 100% { transform: translateY(0); }\n    50% { transform: translateY(-10px); }\n}\n\n\/* Optimizare mobil *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n    .reveal-tag { letter-spacing: 4px; font-size: 0.7rem; }\n    .main-name-stroke { -webkit-text-stroke: 1px #ffffff; }\n}\n<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#F7E0B8\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad3228f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ad3228f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55b844f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"55b844f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ca41bc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1ca41bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a533b82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-dce-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"a533b82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"dce-breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li class=\"item-home\"><a class=\"bread-link bread-home\" href=\"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\" title=\"Maison\">Maison<\/a><\/li><li class=\"separator separator-home\"> <span class=\"dce-separator\"> &gt; <\/span> <\/li><li class=\"item-current item-14058\"><span class=\"bread-current bread-14058\"> Victor Hugo<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-dce-title-color=\"#012F4A\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe04948 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fe04948\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La libert\u00e9 d'aimer n\u2019est pas moins sacr\u00e9 que la libert\u00e9 de penser<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc4c7d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc4c7d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCe b\u00e9b\u00e9 ne survivra pas\u201d d\u00e9clare la sage-femme \u00e0 la naissance de Victor Hugo. Mais Sophie, la maman, entoure son b\u00e9b\u00e9 de tendresse et d\u2019amour, et Victor survit\u202f! Il grandit \u00e0 Paris, aux Feuillantines, avec ses deux fr\u00e8res et sa maman. Leur p\u00e8re, Leopold Hugo, est g\u00e9n\u00e9ral dans l&#8217;arm\u00e9e de Napol\u00e9on 1\u02b3\u1d49. \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bff4051 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bff4051\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc55b97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cc55b97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/16-1024x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-12474\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/16-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/16-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/16-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/16-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/16.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#F7E0B8\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd15977 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fd15977\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d58324 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2d58324\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#D62729\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4a372c elementor-align-justify buton-audio elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c4a372c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-shrink\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u00c9COUTER<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-588b097 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"588b097\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#FA6D12\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a10e046 elementor-align-justify buton-citeste elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a10e046\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-shrink\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">LIRE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec73e4b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ec73e4b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#F9C70C\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8fc473 elementor-align-justify buton-activitati elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"d8fc473\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-shrink\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">ACTIVIT\u00c9<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91c6c35 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"91c6c35\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#01502B\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7d8738 elementor-align-justify buton-vizioneaza elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"f7d8738\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-shrink\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Regardez<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#EBEFF2\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-edfd2f0 citeste e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"edfd2f0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c00629 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"3c00629\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"brancusi-story-fix\">\r\n    <section class=\"story-body\">\r\n        <p class=\"drop-cap\">\r\n            \u201cCe b\u00e9b\u00e9 ne survivra pas\u201d d\u00e9clare la sage-femme \u00e0 la naissance de Victor Hugo. Mais Sophie, la maman, entoure son b\u00e9b\u00e9 de tendresse et d\u2019amour, et Victor survit ! Il grandit \u00e0 Paris, aux Feuillantines, avec ses deux fr\u00e8res et sa maman. Leur p\u00e8re, Leopold Hugo, est g\u00e9n\u00e9ral dans l'arm\u00e9e de Napol\u00e9on 1\u02b3\u1d49.\r\n        <\/p>\r\n\r\n        <p>\u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9cole, c\u2019est un \u00e9l\u00e8ve brillant. Il \u00e9crit son premier vrai po\u00e8me \u00e0 12 ans \u00e0 une amie de ses parents. \u00c0 14 ans, il note dans son journal \u201cje veux \u00eatre Chateaubriand ou rien.\u201d Chateaubriand, l'auteur d\u2019Atala, un roman \u00e0 succ\u00e8s. Il a une ambition d\u00e9mesur\u00e9e et une farouche d\u00e9termination.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <blockquote class=\"dialog-highlight\">\r\n            Quand l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie fran\u00e7aise lance un concours de po\u00e9sie, en 1817, Victor qui n\u2019a que 15 ans, compose rapidement un po\u00e8me qui est class\u00e9 9\u1d49 et lui vaut une mention.\r\n        <\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n        <p>Il passe le plus clair de son temps \u00e0 \u00e9crire et il ach\u00e8ve, \u00e0 16 ans, son deuxi\u00e8me roman.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <p>Mais sa jeunesse heureuse se termine quand il apprend la mort de sa maman, qui l\u2019avait autant aim\u00e9. Il retrouve l\u2019amour avec une amie d\u2019enfance, Adele Foucher. Avec laquelle il se mariera une fois que sa situation \u00e9conomique \u00e9tait convenable pour la famille.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <p>Leur mariage suivit leur premi\u00e8re \u00e9preuve suite \u00e0 la mort de L\u00e9opold, leur fils ain\u00e9, \u00e0 l\u2019age de quatre mois. Ensuite, arriva L\u00e9opoldine, leur deuxi\u00e8me fille. Quel bonheur pour Victor, tr\u00e8s amoureux de sa femme et de sa \u201cDidine\u201d.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <div class=\"at-rodin-box\">\r\n            <p>Son inspiration s\u2019envole. Il \u00e9crit une pr\u00e9face qui sera consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme le manifeste du \u201cromanticisme\u201d. Un nouveau mouvement litt\u00e9raire d\u00e9fendu par les jeunes \u00e9crivains qui veulent faire triompher la sensibilit\u00e9 et l\u2019imaginaire.<\/p>\r\n\r\n            <p>\u00c0 25 ans, Victor Hugo devient le chef de file de la nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration des jeunes auteurs : Balzac, Vigny, M\u00e9rim\u00e9e, Sainte-Beuve\u2026<\/p>\r\n\r\n            <p class=\"final-quote\">\r\n                \u00c0 26 ans, Victor Hugo, est d\u00e9j\u00e0 un \u00e9crivain reconnu. Il d\u00e9cida de faire un roman encadr\u00e9 au Moyen \u00c2ge, Notre Dame. Qui restera un monument de papier et d'encre \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la vieille cath\u00e9drale.\r\n            <\/p>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <p>D\u00e8s sa sortie, en 1831, rencontre un \u00e9norme succ\u00e8s.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <p>Les succ\u00e8s s\u2019enchainent, mais sa vie intime est en train de se craqueler\u2026Victor d\u00e9couvre que son grand ami Sainte-Beuve et sa femme, Ad\u00e8le, ont une relation amoureuse.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <blockquote class=\"dialog-highlight\">\r\n            \u201cLa haine, c\u2019est l\u2019hiver du c\u0153ur\u201d il \u00e9crit dans Contemplations.\r\n        <\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n        <p>Apr\u00e8s cette exp\u00e9rience douloureuse, il retrouvera l\u2019espoir avec la rencontre de Juliette Drouet, une jeune actrice bretonne qui repr\u00e9sentait sa pi\u00e8ce Lucr\u00e8ce Borgia au th\u00e9\u00e2tre de la porte Saint Martin.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <blockquote class=\"dialog-highlight\">\r\n            \u201cNa\u00eet-on deux fois ? Oui, la premi\u00e8re fois, le jour o\u00f9 l\u2019on nait \u00e0 la vie ; la seconde fois, le jour o\u00f9 l\u2019on na\u00eet \u00e0 l'amour.\u201d\r\n        <\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n        <p>Il lui \u00e9crira. La correspondance entre Victor et Juliette est un monument unique dans l\u2019histoire de la litt\u00e9rature amoureuse. \u00c0 elle seule, il lui a \u00e9crit entre 20000 et 25000 lettres. Cet amour puissant durera cinquante ans. Pourtant, jamais Victor ne songera \u00e0 quitter sa femme.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <p>Malheureusement, son c\u0153ur sera bris\u00e9 \u00e0 nouveau apr\u00e8s la mort de sa fille L\u00e9opoldine \u00e0 laquelle il \u00e9crira le plus beau po\u00e8me :<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <blockquote class=\"dialog-highlight\">\r\n            Demain, d\u00e8s l\u2019aube, \u00e0 l\u2019heure ou blanchit la campagne,<br>\r\n            Je partirai. Vois-tu, je sais que tu m\u2019attends.<br>\r\n            J\u2019irai par la foret, j\u2019irai par la montagne.<br>\r\n            Je ne puis demeurer loin de toi plus longtemps.<br><br>\r\n\r\n            Je marcherai les yeux fix\u00e9s sur mes pens\u00e9es,<br>\r\n            Sans rien voir au-dehors, sans entendre aucun bruit,<br>\r\n            Seul, inconnu, le dos courb\u00e9, les mains crois\u00e9es,<br>\r\n            Triste, et le jour pour moi sera comme la nuit.<br><br>\r\n\r\n            Je ne regarderai ni l\u2019or du soir qui tombe,<br>\r\n            Ni les voiles au loin descendant vers Harfleur,<br>\r\n            Et quand j'arriverai, je mettrai sur ta tombe<br>\r\n            Un bouquet de houx vert et de bruy\u00e8re en fleur.\r\n        <\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n        <p>La mort de L\u00e9opoldine a cass\u00e9 net l\u2019inspiration du po\u00e8te. Victor trouve alors un d\u00e9rivatif dans la vie politique. Dans ses discours, il d\u00e9nonce avec force l\u2019injustice sociale et continue \u00e0 proclamer son opposition \u00e0 la peine de mort.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <p>Il va se battre toute sa vie pour son abolition, demandant r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement gr\u00e2ce au roi et \u00e0 ses souverains \u00e9trangers pour que des condamn\u00e9s \u00e9chappent \u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cution.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <p>Apr\u00e8s l\u2019abdication du roi Louis-Philippe. La Deuxi\u00e8me R\u00e9publique est proclam\u00e9e, en 1848. Peu \u00e0 peu, Victor prend ses distances vis-\u00e0-vis du prince-pr\u00e9sident Louis Napol\u00e9on. Il devient son opposant le plus f\u00e9roce finalement.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <blockquote class=\"dialog-highlight\">\r\n            \u201cQuoi ! parce que nous avons eu Napol\u00e9on le Grand, il faut que nous ayons Napol\u00e9on le Petit\u201d.\r\n        <\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n        <p>En 1851, Louis Napol\u00e9on prend le pouvoir par un coup d'\u00c9tat et le gouvernement bannit Victor Hugo de France. Il est recherch\u00e9 par les soldats, mais il s\u2019\u00e9chappe dans un train direction Belgique. Un long exil commence.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <p>Pendant son exil, il v\u00e9cut \u00e0 Jersey, puis \u00e0 Guernesey o\u00f9 il finira Les Contemplations. Un recueil des po\u00e8mes qui rencontre un succ\u00e8s imm\u00e9diat. Cette vie d\u2019exil\u00e9 va pourtant \u00eatre un formidable moteur pour l\u2019inspiration du po\u00e8te. Jamais il n\u2019a eu autant le temps et la disponibilit\u00e9 esprit pour \u00e9crire. C\u2019est \u00e0 Guernesey que naissent Les Mis\u00e9rables.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <p>Apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9faite de Napol\u00e9on III, Victor Hugo peut enfin revenir : Son exil aura dur\u00e9 19 ans.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <p>Tr\u00e8s vite, Hugo reprend ses activit\u00e9s politiques. Il est \u00e9lu d\u00e9put\u00e9, puis s\u00e9nateur. Il se fait l\u2019ardent d\u00e9fenseur des droits de l\u2019homme.<\/p>\r\n\r\n        <blockquote class=\"dialog-highlight\">\r\n            \u201c Vous n\u2019avez rien fait tant que ceux qui sont dans la force de l\u2019age et qui travaillent peuvent \u00eatre sans pain ! Tant que ceux qui sont vieux et qui ne peuvent plus travailler sont sans asile !\u201d\r\n        <\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n        <p>Le 22 mai 1885, l\u2019ic\u00f4ne de la litt\u00e9rature fran\u00e7aise est mort \u00e0 83 ans. Un deuil national est proclam\u00e9, les foules lui rendent hommage pendant une semaine. Le cercueil est expos\u00e9 sous l\u2019Arc de Triomphe. Sa tombe se trouve au Panth\u00e9on, lieu de s\u00e9pulture officielle pour les grandes personnalit\u00e9s fran\u00e7aises.<\/p>\r\n    <\/section>\r\n<\/article>\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n@import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Montserrat:wght@400;700;900&family=Playfair+Display:wght@900&display=swap');\r\n\r\n.brancusi-story-fix {\r\n    max-width: 800px;\r\n    margin: 0 auto 80px;\r\n    padding: 0 20px;\r\n    font-family: 'Playfair Display', sans-serif;\r\n    line-height: 1.8;\r\n    color: #003049;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.story-body p { \r\n    margin-bottom: 25px; \r\n    font-size: 1.15rem; \r\n    text-align: justify;\r\n    font-weight: 400 !important;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.drop-cap::first-letter {\r\n    float: left;\r\n    font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;\r\n    font-size: 5rem;\r\n    line-height: 0.85;\r\n    padding-right: 15px;\r\n    padding-top: 5px;\r\n    color: #D62828;\r\n    font-weight: 900;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.dialog-highlight {\r\n    margin: 40px 0;\r\n    padding: 25px 35px;\r\n    background: #F5E0B7;\r\n    border-left: 6px solid #FB6C13;\r\n    font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;\r\n    font-style: italic;\r\n    font-size: 1.3rem;\r\n    font-weight: 400;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.at-rodin-box {\r\n    margin: 50px 0;\r\n    padding: 40px;\r\n    background: #003049;\r\n    color: #F5E0B7;\r\n    border-radius: 20px;\r\n    box-shadow: 15px 15px 0 #F9C80E;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.at-rodin-box p { \r\n    color: #F5E0B7 !important; \r\n    text-align: left;\r\n    font-weight: 400 !important;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.final-quote {\r\n    color: #F9C80E !important;\r\n    font-weight: 900 !important;\r\n    font-size: 1.45rem !important;\r\n    margin-top: 25px;\r\n    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\r\n    padding-top: 20px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\r\n    .brancusi-story-fix {\r\n        padding: 0 15px;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .drop-cap::first-letter {\r\n        font-size: 3.8rem;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .dialog-highlight {\r\n        padding: 20px;\r\n        font-size: 1.1rem;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .at-rodin-box {\r\n        padding: 25px;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .final-quote {\r\n        font-size: 1.2rem !important;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a11f029 activitati e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a11f029\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a9831f elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"6a9831f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/canvas-confetti@1.6.0\/dist\/confetti.browser.min.js\"><\/script>\n\n<div class=\"activity-hub-premium\" id=\"IconsHub\">\n    <div id=\"hub-menu\" class=\"hub-screen active-screen\">\n        <div class=\"hub-header\">\n            <h2 class=\"playfair-main-title\">Activit\u00e9s<\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"elegant-grid-5\">\n            <div class=\"elegant-card featured-quiz\" onclick=\"launchActivity('quiz')\">\n                <div class=\"card-icon-wrapper\">\ud83c\udfaf<\/div>\n                <div class=\"card-info\">\n                    <h3 class=\"playfair-card-title\">Quiz<\/h3>\n                    <span class=\"elegant-btn\">Commencer<\/span>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"elegant-card\" onclick=\"launchActivity('x')\">\n                <div class=\"card-icon-wrapper\">\ud83e\udde9<\/div>\n                <div class=\"card-info\">\n                    <h3 class=\"playfair-card-title\">\u00c9nigme<\/h3>\n                    <span class=\"elegant-btn\">Voir<\/span>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"elegant-card\" onclick=\"launchActivity('y')\">\n                <div class=\"card-icon-wrapper\">\ud83d\udcda<\/div>\n                <div class=\"card-info\">\n                    <h3 class=\"playfair-card-title\">Compr\u00e9hension du texte<\/h3>\n                    <span class=\"elegant-btn\">Voir<\/span>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"elegant-card\" onclick=\"launchActivity('z')\">\n                <div class=\"card-icon-wrapper\">\ud83d\udd52\ufe0f<\/div>\n                <div class=\"card-info\">\n                    <h3 class=\"playfair-card-title\">Chronologie<\/h3>\n                    <span class=\"elegant-btn\">Voir<\/span>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"elegant-card\" onclick=\"launchActivity('w')\">\n                <div class=\"card-icon-wrapper\">\ud83c\udfae<\/div>\n                <div class=\"card-info\">\n                    <h3 class=\"playfair-card-title\">Game<\/h3>\n                    <span class=\"elegant-btn\">Voir<\/span>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div id=\"activity-stage\" class=\"hub-screen\" style=\"display:none;\">\n        <button onclick=\"backToMenu()\" class=\"btn-back-elegant\">\u2190 Retour au menu<\/button>\n        <div id=\"activity-content-loader\" class=\"content-stage-box\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>\n@import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Montserrat:wght@400;600&family=Playfair+Display:ital,wght@0,700;0,900;1,700&display=swap');\n*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }\n.activity-hub-premium { max-width: 1200px; margin: 60px auto; padding: 0 16px; font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif; color: #003049; scroll-margin-top: 120px; }\n.playfair-main-title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 3.2rem); font-weight: 700; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 60px; line-height: 1.2; text-transform: none; }\n.hub-screen { opacity: 0; transition: all 0.5s ease; display: none; }\n.active-screen { display: block !important; opacity: 1 !important; }\n.elegant-grid-5 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr); gap: 20px; }\n.elegant-card { background: #ffffff; border-radius: 25px; padding: 50px 20px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.165, 0.84, 0.44, 1); box-shadow: 0 5px 25px rgba(0, 48, 73, 0.05); border: 1px solid rgba(0, 48, 73, 0.08); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; }\n.elegant-card:hover { transform: translateY(-12px); box-shadow: 0 25px 50px rgba(0, 48, 73, 0.15); border-color: #FB6C13; }\n.playfair-card-title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.5rem); font-weight: 700; margin: 20px 0; text-transform: none; }\n.card-icon-wrapper { font-size: 4rem; margin-bottom: 10px; }\n.elegant-btn { font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 600; color: #FB6C13; padding: 10px 35px; border: 1.5px solid #FB6C13; border-radius: 50px; transition: 0.3s; display: inline-block; text-transform: none; }\n.elegant-card:hover .elegant-btn { background: #FB6C13; color: #fff; }\n.featured-quiz { background: #003049; color: #fff; border: none; }\n.featured-quiz .playfair-card-title { color: #fff; }\n.featured-quiz .elegant-btn { color: #F9C80E; border-color: #F9C80E; }\n.featured-quiz:hover .elegant-btn { background: #F9C80E; color: #003049; }\n.content-stage-box { background: #fff; border-radius: 35px; padding: 60px 50px; box-shadow: 0 40px 100px rgba(0,0,0,0.08); min-height: 500px; overflow: hidden; }\n.btn-back-elegant { background: transparent; color: #003049; border: 1.5px solid #003049; padding: 12px 35px; border-radius: 50px; font-weight: 600; cursor: pointer; margin-bottom: 30px; transition: 0.3s; font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; }\n.btn-back-elegant:hover { background: #003049; color: #fff; }\n.quiz-splash-elegant { text-align: center; padding: 20px 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 10px; }\n.quiz-splash-elegant .splash-emoji { font-size: clamp(4rem, 10vw, 7rem); }\n.quiz-splash-elegant h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: clamp(2rem, 6vw, 4rem); margin: 10px 0 30px; text-transform: none; }\n.btn-start-hero { background: #003049; color: #fff; border: none; padding: 20px 60px; border-radius: 60px; font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 3vw, 2.2rem); cursor: pointer; transition: 0.4s; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; max-width: 100%; }\n.btn-start-hero:hover, .btn-start-hero:active { background: #FB6C13; transform: scale(1.05); }\n.quiz-progress-wrap { margin-bottom: 28px; }\n.quiz-progress-label { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 8px; }\n.quiz-progress-label span { font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.85rem; color: #FB6C13; letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase; }\n.progress-track { width: 100%; height: 8px; background: #f0f0f0; border-radius: 99px; overflow: hidden; }\n.progress-fill { height: 100%; background: linear-gradient(90deg, #FB6C13, #F9C80E); border-radius: 99px; transition: width 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1); }\n.quiz-q-box { width: 100%; }\n.quiz-question-text { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 3vw, 2rem); font-weight: 700; color: #003049; margin-bottom: 30px; line-height: 1.35; word-break: break-word; hyphens: auto; }\n#opts-wrap { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }\n.opt-btn-elegant { width: 100%; padding: 18px 24px; border: 1.5px solid #e8e8e8; border-radius: 18px; font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif; font-weight: 500; cursor: pointer; text-align: left; font-size: clamp(0.9rem, 2vw, 1.1rem); transition: background 0.2s, color 0.2s, border-color 0.2s, transform 0.15s; background: #fff; color: #003049; line-height: 1.4; word-break: break-word; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }\n.opt-btn-elegant:hover:not(:disabled) { background: #003049 !important; color: #fff !important; border-color: #003049 !important; transform: translateX(4px); }\n.opt-btn-elegant:active:not(:disabled) { transform: scale(0.98); }\n.correct-style { background: #004F2D !important; color: #fff !important; border-color: #004F2D !important; }\n.wrong-style { background: #D62828 !important; color: #fff !important; border-color: #D62828 !important; }\n.quiz-result-box { text-align: center; padding: 10px 0 20px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 16px; }\n.quiz-result-emoji { font-size: clamp(3.5rem, 10vw, 6rem); }\n.quiz-result-score { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 5vw, 3.2rem); font-weight: 900; color: #003049; margin: 0; }\n.quiz-result-msg { font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 2.5vw, 1.4rem); color: #555; margin: 0 0 10px; max-width: 500px; line-height: 1.5; }\n.btn-retry { background: #003049; color: #fff; border: none; padding: 16px 50px; border-radius: 60px; font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 2.5vw, 1.6rem); cursor: pointer; transition: 0.4s; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; }\n.btn-retry:hover, .btn-retry:active { background: #FB6C13; transform: scale(1.05); }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500\u2500 ENIGMA \u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.enigma-stage { width: 100%; text-align: center; }\n.enigma-quote { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 3.5vw, 2.3rem); font-weight: 700; color: #003049; line-height: 1.4; max-width: 720px; margin: 0 auto 12px; text-align: center !important; }\n.enigma-question { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-style: italic; font-weight: 700; color: #004F2D; font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 2.8vw, 1.6rem); margin: 0 auto 35px; max-width: 720px; text-align: center !important; }\n.enigma-choices { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 24px; max-width: 620px; margin: 0 auto; }\n.enigma-choice { border: 4px solid transparent; border-radius: 20px; overflow: hidden; cursor: pointer; transition: transform 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s, border-color 0.3s, opacity 0.3s; background: #fff; padding: 0; line-height: 0; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; }\n.enigma-choice img { width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; aspect-ratio: 1 \/ 1; object-fit: cover; }\n.enigma-choice:hover:not(.locked) { transform: translateY(-8px); box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0, 48, 73, 0.2); border-color: #FB6C13; }\n.enigma-choice.locked { pointer-events: none; }\n.enigma-choice.correct-pick { border-color: #004F2D; box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(0,79,45,0.25); }\n.enigma-choice.wrong-pick { border-color: #D62828; box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(214,40,40,0.25); }\n.enigma-choice.dim { opacity: 0.4; }\n.enigma-feedback { margin-top: 30px; }\n.enigma-wrong-msg { color: #D62828; font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-weight: 700; font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 3vw, 1.8rem); margin: 0 0 18px; }\n.enigma-result { text-align: center; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 18px; padding: 10px 0; }\n.enigma-result-title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 5vw, 3.2rem); font-weight: 900; color: #003049; margin: 0; }\n.enigma-result img { width: min(320px, 80%); border-radius: 20px; box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0,48,73,0.2); }\n.enigma-playlist-label { font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.1em; color: #FB6C13; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 1rem; font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-style: italic; }\n.enigma-result p { color: #333; font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 2.5vw, 1.2rem); line-height: 1.6; max-width: 620px; margin: 0; }\n.enigma-result .en-col { text-align: left; max-width: 620px; }\n.enigma-result .en-col strong { color: #003049; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500\u2500 READING COMPREHENSION \u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.itext-wrap { width: 100%; max-width: 820px; margin: 0 auto; }\n.itext-main-title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 4vw, 2.6rem); font-weight: 900; color: #003049; text-align: center; margin: 0 0 6px; }\n.itext-subtitle { text-align: center; color: #FB6C13; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 0.9rem; margin: 0 0 36px; }\n.itext-section { margin-bottom: 48px; }\n.itext-section-head { color: #fff; font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: clamp(1rem, 2.5vw, 1.25rem); padding: 14px 22px; border-radius: 12px; margin-bottom: 20px; }\n.itext-head-green { background: #2E6B4F; }\n.itext-head-red { background: #D62828; }\n.itext-head-orange { background: #FB6C13; }\n.itext-head-navy { background: #003049; }\n.itext-instruction { color: #333; font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 2.2vw, 1.15rem); margin: 0 0 20px; line-height: 1.5; }\n.itext-story { background: #fdfbf6; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 16px; padding: 22px 24px; margin-bottom: 44px; color: #333; line-height: 1.75; font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 2.1vw, 1.08rem); max-height: 460px; overflow-y: auto; }\n.itext-story p { margin: 0 0 14px; }\n.itext-story .itext-poem { font-style: italic; text-align: center; color: #003049; line-height: 1.7; margin: 18px 0; }\n.itext-block-field { margin-bottom: 14px; }\n.itext-block-field label { display: block; font-weight: 600; color: #003049; margin-bottom: 6px; }\n.itext-textarea { width: 100%; min-height: 70px; padding: 12px 14px; border: 1.5px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; color: #003049; resize: vertical; line-height: 1.6; }\n.itext-textarea:focus { outline: none; border-color: #FB6C13; }\n.itext-input { width: 100%; padding: 12px 16px; border: 1.5px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; color: #003049; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }\n.itext-input:focus { outline: none; border-color: #FB6C13; }\n.itext-input.ok { border-color: #004F2D; background: #eaf6ef; }\n.itext-input.no { border-color: #D62828; background: #fbeaea; }\n.itext-match-row { border: 1.5px solid #eee; border-radius: 14px; padding: 16px 18px; margin-bottom: 14px; transition: border-color 0.2s, background 0.2s; }\n.itext-match-excerpt { color: #333; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0 0 12px; font-size: clamp(0.9rem, 2vw, 1.02rem); }\n.itext-select { width: 100%; padding: 12px 14px; border: 1.5px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; color: #003049; background: #fff; cursor: pointer; }\n.itext-select:focus { outline: none; border-color: #FB6C13; }\n.itext-match-row.ok { border-color: #004F2D; background: #eaf6ef; }\n.itext-match-row.no { border-color: #D62828; background: #fbeaea; }\n.itext-reform-item { margin-bottom: 22px; }\n.itext-reform-prompt { display: inline-block; background: #003049; color: #fff; font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.82rem; padding: 5px 14px; border-radius: 50px; margin-bottom: 8px; }\n.itext-reform-original { color: #777; font-style: italic; margin: 0 0 10px; line-height: 1.5; }\n.itext-btn { background: #003049; color: #fff; border: none; padding: 12px 32px; border-radius: 50px; font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 1rem; cursor: pointer; transition: 0.3s; margin-top: 18px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; }\n.itext-btn:hover { background: #FB6C13; }\n.itext-btn.secondary { background: transparent; color: #003049; border: 1.5px solid #003049; margin-left: 10px; }\n.itext-btn.secondary:hover { background: #003049; color: #fff; }\n.itext-examples { margin-top: 16px; background: #f6f8fa; border-left: 4px solid #FB6C13; border-radius: 0 12px 12px 0; padding: 16px 20px; color: #333; line-height: 1.7; display: none; }\n.itext-examples.show { display: block; }\n.itext-examples strong { color: #003049; }\n.itext-feedback-msg { margin-top: 14px; font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.05rem; line-height: 1.5; }\n.itext-download { text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; padding-top: 32px; border-top: 1px solid #eee; }\n.itext-download-text { color: #555; margin: 0 0 16px; font-size: 1.05rem; }\n.itext-btn-download { display: inline-block; text-decoration: none; margin-top: 10px; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500\u2500 Responsive \u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n@media (max-width: 1024px) { .elegant-grid-5 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } }\n@media (max-width: 768px) { .elegant-grid-5 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } .content-stage-box { padding: 30px 20px; border-radius: 20px; } .btn-back-elegant { padding: 10px 24px; font-size: 0.9rem; } }\n@media (max-width: 560px) { .itext-btn.secondary { margin-left: 0; margin-top: 12px; } }\n@media (max-width: 480px) { .elegant-grid-5 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .activity-hub-premium { margin: 30px auto; } .content-stage-box { padding: 24px 16px; border-radius: 16px; min-height: auto; } .opt-btn-elegant { padding: 15px 18px; border-radius: 14px; } .enigma-choices { gap: 14px; } }\n<\/style>\n\n<script>\n(function() {\n    const QUIZ_DATA = [\n        { q: \"1. Comment s\u2019appelait la m\u00e8re de Victor Hugo ?\", a: [\"Juliette\", \"Ad\u00e8le\", \"Sophie\", \"L\u00e9opoldine\"], c: 2 },\n        { q: \"2. Qu\u2019aimait faire Victor lorsqu\u2019il \u00e9tait enfant ?\", a: [\"Chasser\", \"Lire, r\u00eaver et inventer des histoires\", \"Construire des navires\", \"Jouer du piano\"], c: 1 },\n        { q: \"3. Qu\u2019a \u00e9crit Victor Hugo \u00e0 seulement douze ans ?\", a: [\"Une pi\u00e8ce de th\u00e9\u00e2tre\", \"Un journal\", \"Son premier v\u00e9ritable po\u00e8me\", \"Un manuel scolaire\"], c: 2 },\n        { q: \"4. Quel \u00e9tait le nom de l\u2019\u00e9crivain c\u00e9l\u00e8bre que Victor Hugo admirait ?\", a: [\"Voltaire\", \"Chateaubriand\", \"Moli\u00e8re\", \"Balzac\"], c: 1 },\n        { q: \"5. Quel est le roman qui raconte l\u2019histoire de la cath\u00e9drale de Paris et des personnages Quasimodo et Esmeralda ?\", a: [\"Les Mis\u00e9rables\", \"L\u2019Homme qui rit\", \"Notre-Dame de Paris\", \"Quatrevingt-treize\"], c: 2 },\n        { q: \"6. Quel livre c\u00e9l\u00e8bre Victor Hugo a-t-il \u00e9crit pendant son exil ?\", a: [\"Les Trois Mousquetaires\", \"Les Mis\u00e9rables\", \"Le Prince heureux\", \"L\u2019\u00cele au tr\u00e9sor\"], c: 1 },\n        { q: \"7. Pour quoi Victor Hugo se battait-il ?\", a: [\"Pour davantage de guerres\", \"Pour la richesse des nobles\", \"Pour la libert\u00e9, la justice et l\u2019aide aux pauvres\", \"Pour la conqu\u00eate d\u2019autres pays\"], c: 2 },\n        { q: \"8. Pourquoi Victor Hugo est-il encore c\u00e9l\u00e8bre aujourd\u2019hui ?\", a: [\"Parce qu\u2019il \u00e9tait roi\", \"Parce qu\u2019il \u00e9tait g\u00e9n\u00e9ral\", \"Parce qu\u2019il a \u00e9crit des histoires \u00e9mouvantes et d\u00e9fendu la libert\u00e9 et la justice\", \"Parce qu\u2019il a d\u00e9couvert un \u00e9l\u00e9ment chimique\"], c: 2 },\n        { q: \"9. Quel surnom Victor Hugo donnait-il \u00e0 sa fille L\u00e9opoldine ?\", a: [\"Coco\", \"Mimi\", \"Didine\", \"Lili\"], c: 2 },\n        { q: \"10. Quel \u00e2ge avait Victor Hugo lorsqu\u2019il est devenu le chef de file d\u2019une nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d\u2019\u00e9crivains ?\", a: [\"18 ans\", \"17 ans\", \"25 ans\", \"55 ans\"], c: 2 }\n    ];\n\n    const LABELS = [\"A\", \"B\", \"C\", \"D\"];\n    const TOTAL = QUIZ_DATA.length;\n    const QUIZ_TITLE = \"Quiz\";\n    const QUIZ_SPLASH_EMOJI = \"\ud83c\udfaf\";\n    const QUIZ_LABEL = \"Question\";\n    const ACTIVITY_LABEL = \"Activit\u00e9\";\n    const SOON_LABEL = \"Bient\u00f4t disponible...\";\n    const START_LABEL = \"Commencer\";\n    const RETRY_LABEL = \"Refaire le test\";\n    function msgFinal(s) { return s === TOTAL ? \"10 Parfait !\" : s >= 7 ? \"Excellent !\" : \"Bravo ! Tu as termin\u00e9 le d\u00e9fi. R\u00e9essaie !\"; }\n    function emoji(s) { return s === TOTAL ? \"\ud83c\udfc6\" : s >= 7 ? \"\ud83e\udd47\" : s >= 5 ? \"\ud83c\udfaf\" : \"\ud83d\udcaa\"; }\n\n    let score = 0, currentIdx = 0;\n\n    \/\/ \u2500\u2500 Enigma images \u2500\u2500\n    const ENIGMA_CORRECT = \"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/16.jpg\";\n    const ENIGMA_WRONG   = \"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/6.jpg\";\n\n    \/\/ \u2500\u2500 PDF \u2500\u2500\n    const IT_PDF  = \"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Hugo-IT-fr-1.pdf\";\n    const IT_PDF2 = \"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Hugo-It-fr-2.pdf\";\n\n    \/\/ \u2500\u2500 Association des titres \u2500\u2500\n    const HUGO_TITLES = [\"Enfance et vocation\", \"Succ\u00e8s litt\u00e9raire\", \"Drames personnels\", \"Engagement politique\", \"Exil et reconnaissance\"];\n    const HUGO_MATCH = [\n        { excerpt: \"Il na\u00eet \u00e0 Paris et grandit aux Feuillantines avec ses deux fr\u00e8res et sa maman. \u00c0 12 ans, il \u00e9crit son premier vrai po\u00e8me et note : \u00ab Je veux \u00eatre Chateaubriand ou rien \u00bb.\", title: \"Enfance et vocation\" },\n        { excerpt: \"Il \u00e9crit la pr\u00e9face-manifeste du \u00ab romantisme \u00bb, \u00e0 25 ans il devient le chef de file de la nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d'\u00e9crivains et publie Notre-Dame de Paris (1831), un \u00e9norme succ\u00e8s.\", title: \"Succ\u00e8s litt\u00e9raire\" },\n        { excerpt: \"Sa vie intime se fissure : la relation de sa femme Ad\u00e8le avec Sainte-Beuve, son amour pour Juliette Drouet et, surtout, la mort de sa fille L\u00e9opoldine, \u00e0 laquelle il \u00e9crit son plus beau po\u00e8me.\", title: \"Drames personnels\" },\n        { excerpt: \"Il trouve un d\u00e9rivatif dans la vie politique : il d\u00e9nonce l'injustice sociale, s'oppose \u00e0 la peine de mort et devient l'opposant le plus f\u00e9roce de Louis Napol\u00e9on.\", title: \"Engagement politique\" },\n        { excerpt: \"Il vit exil\u00e9 \u00e0 Jersey et \u00e0 Guernesey, o\u00f9 il \u00e9crit Les Mis\u00e9rables. Apr\u00e8s 19 ans, il revient en France, devient d\u00e9put\u00e9 et s\u00e9nateur et, \u00e0 sa mort (1885), il est enterr\u00e9 au Panth\u00e9on.\", title: \"Exil et reconnaissance\" }\n    ];\n\n    \/\/ \u2500\u2500 Reformulation (avec corrections) \u2500\u2500\n    const HUGO_REFORM = [\n        { prompt: \"Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 \u2192 imparfait\", original: \"Victor a grandi \u00e0 Paris, aux Feuillantines, avec ses deux fr\u00e8res et sa maman.\", keys: [\"grandissait\"], answer: \"Victor grandissait \u00e0 Paris, aux Feuillantines, avec ses deux fr\u00e8res et sa maman.\" },\n        { prompt: \"Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 \u2192 plus-que-parfait\", original: \"Il a \u00e9crit son premier vrai po\u00e8me \u00e0 12 ans \u00e0 une amie de ses parents.\", keys: [\"avait\", \"ecrit\"], answer: \"Il avait \u00e9crit son premier vrai po\u00e8me \u00e0 12 ans \u00e0 une amie de ses parents.\" },\n        { prompt: \"Imparfait \u2192 pass\u00e9 simple\", original: \"Victor passait son temps \u00e0 \u00e9crire.\", keys: [\"passa\"], answer: \"Victor passa son temps \u00e0 \u00e9crire.\" },\n        { prompt: \"Pr\u00e9sent \u2192 imparfait\", original: \"Victor est tr\u00e8s amoureux de sa femme et de sa \u00ab Didine \u00bb.\", keys: [\"etait\"], answer: \"Victor \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s amoureux de sa femme et de sa \u00ab Didine \u00bb.\" },\n        { prompt: \"Pr\u00e9sent de narration \u2192 pass\u00e9 simple\", original: \"Victor d\u00e9couvre que son grand ami Sainte-Beuve et sa femme ont une relation amoureuse.\", keys: [\"decouvrit\", \"avaient\"], answer: \"Victor d\u00e9couvrit que son grand ami Sainte-Beuve et sa femme avaient une relation amoureuse.\" }\n    ];\n\n    function itextNorm(s) { return (s || \"\").normalize('NFD').replace(\/[\\u0300-\\u036f]\/g, '').toLowerCase(); }\n    function hasWord(text, word) {\n        const t = itextNorm(text);\n        const w = itextNorm(word).replace(\/[.*+?^${}()|[\\]\\\\]\/g, '\\\\$&');\n        return new RegExp('(^|[^a-z0-9])' + w + '([^a-z0-9]|$)').test(t);\n    }\n\n    window.launchActivity = function(type) {\n        document.getElementById('IconsHub').scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'start' });\n        document.getElementById('hub-menu').classList.remove('active-screen');\n        setTimeout(() => {\n            document.getElementById('hub-menu').style.display = 'none';\n            const stage = document.getElementById('activity-stage');\n            stage.style.display = 'block';\n            setTimeout(() => stage.classList.add('active-screen'), 50);\n            if(type === 'quiz') { score = 0; currentIdx = 0; window.showQuizIntro(); }\n            else if(type === 'x') { window.showEnigma(); }\n            else if(type === 'y') { window.showTextComprehension(); }\n            else if(type === 'w') { document.getElementById('activity-content-loader').innerHTML = '<style>@media (max-width:768px){#activity-content-loader .ei-game{margin:-30px -20px;}#activity-content-loader .ei-game iframe{height:calc(100svh - 110px);min-height:560px;border-radius:0 !important;}}@media (max-width:480px){#activity-content-loader .ei-game{margin:-24px -16px;}}<\/style><div class=\"ei-game\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/pair-puzzle-pro.lovable.app\" width=\"100%\" height=\"800\" style=\"border:0;display:block;border-radius:16px;\" allowfullscreen loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Jeu d\u2019association \u2013 Victor Hugo\"><\/iframe><\/div>'; }\n            else { document.getElementById('activity-content-loader').innerHTML = `<h2 class=\"playfair-main-title\">${ACTIVITY_LABEL} ${type.toUpperCase()}<\/h2><p style=\"text-align:center;\">${SOON_LABEL}<\/p>`; }\n        }, 500);\n    };\n\n    window.backToMenu = function() {\n        document.getElementById('IconsHub').scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'start' });\n        document.getElementById('activity-stage').classList.remove('active-screen');\n        setTimeout(() => {\n            document.getElementById('activity-stage').style.display = 'none';\n            const menu = document.getElementById('hub-menu');\n            menu.style.display = 'block';\n            setTimeout(() => menu.classList.add('active-screen'), 50);\n        }, 500);\n    };\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 ENIGMA \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    window.showEnigma = function() {\n        const loader = document.getElementById('activity-content-loader');\n        const options = [\n            { img: ENIGMA_CORRECT, correct: true },\n            { img: ENIGMA_WRONG,   correct: false }\n        ];\n        if (Math.random() < 0.5) options.reverse();\n\n        loader.innerHTML = `\n            <div class=\"enigma-stage\">\n                <p class=\"enigma-quote\">\u00abM\u00eame la nuit la plus sombre prendra fin et le soleil se l\u00e8vera.\u00bb<\/p>\n                <p class=\"enigma-question\">Qui penses-tu aurait pu le dire ?<\/p>\n                <div class=\"enigma-choices\">\n                    ${options.map((o, i) => `\n                        <div class=\"enigma-choice\" data-correct=\"${o.correct}\" onclick=\"window.enigmaChoose(this)\">\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"${o.img}\" alt=\"Personnalit\u00e9 ${i + 1}\" loading=\"lazy\">\n                        <\/div>`).join('')}\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"enigma-feedback\" id=\"enigma-feedback\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>`;\n    };\n\n    window.enigmaChoose = function(el) {\n        const choices = document.querySelectorAll('.enigma-choice');\n        const isCorrect = el.dataset.correct === 'true';\n        choices.forEach(c => c.classList.add('locked'));\n\n        if (isCorrect) {\n            el.classList.add('correct-pick');\n            choices.forEach(c => { if (c !== el) c.classList.add('dim'); });\n            setTimeout(() => window.showEnigmaResult(), 800);\n        } else {\n            el.classList.add('wrong-pick');\n            choices.forEach(c => { if (c !== el) c.classList.add('dim'); });\n            document.getElementById('enigma-feedback').innerHTML = `\n                <p class=\"enigma-wrong-msg\">\u274c Faux ! R\u00e9essaie.<\/p>\n                <button class=\"btn-retry\" onclick=\"window.showEnigma()\">R\u00e9essaie<\/button>`;\n        }\n    };\n\n    window.showEnigmaResult = function() {\n        document.getElementById('activity-content-loader').innerHTML = `\n            <div class=\"enigma-result\">\n                <h2 class=\"enigma-result-title\">C'est Victor Hugo<\/h2>\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"${ENIGMA_CORRECT}\" alt=\"Victor Hugo\">\n                <span class=\"enigma-playlist-label\">Visualiser le voyage de l'obscurit\u00e9 \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re<\/span>\n                <p>Les \u00e9l\u00e8ves plient la feuille en deux :<\/p>\n                <div class=\"en-col\">\n                    <p><strong>C\u00f4t\u00e9 gauche \u2014 La nuit :<\/strong> les \u00e9l\u00e8ves illustrent des d\u00e9fis, des peurs, des obstacles et des \u00e9motions difficiles. Ils peuvent utiliser des couleurs sombres, des formes abstraites, des temp\u00eates, des ombres, des montagnes ou d'autres symboles.<\/p>\n                    <p><strong>C\u00f4t\u00e9 droit \u2014 L'aube :<\/strong> les \u00e9l\u00e8ves illustrent des r\u00eaves, des objectifs, l'espoir, la force et le changement positif. Ils peuvent utiliser des couleurs chaudes comme le jaune, l'orange, le rose et l'or.<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n                <button class=\"btn-retry\" onclick=\"window.showEnigma()\">Rejouer<\/button>\n            <\/div>`;\n\n        if (typeof confetti === 'function') {\n            confetti({ particleCount: 90, spread: 75, origin: { y: 0.6 }, colors: ['#FB6C13', '#F9C80E', '#003049'] });\n        }\n    };\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 READING COMPREHENSION \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    window.showTextComprehension = function() {\n        const loader = document.getElementById('activity-content-loader');\n        const order = HUGO_MATCH.map((m, i) => i).sort(() => Math.random() - 0.5);\n\n        loader.innerHTML = `\n            <div class=\"itext-wrap\">\n                <h2 class=\"itext-main-title\">Amour, deuil et cr\u00e9ation chez Victor Hugo<\/h2>\n                <p class=\"itext-subtitle\">Compr\u00e9hension du texte \u00b7 Victor Hugo<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"itext-story\">\n                    <p>\u00ab Ce b\u00e9b\u00e9 ne survivra pas \u00bb d\u00e9clare la sage-femme \u00e0 la naissance de Victor Hugo. Mais Sophie, la maman, entoure son b\u00e9b\u00e9 de tendresse et d'amour, et Victor survit ! Il grandit \u00e0 Paris, aux Feuillantines, avec ses deux fr\u00e8res et sa maman. Leur p\u00e8re, L\u00e9opold Hugo, est g\u00e9n\u00e9ral dans l'arm\u00e9e de Napol\u00e9on 1er.<\/p>\n                    <p>\u00c0 l'\u00e9cole, c'est un \u00e9l\u00e8ve brillant. Il \u00e9crit son premier vrai po\u00e8me \u00e0 12 ans \u00e0 une amie de ses parents. \u00c0 14 ans, il note dans son journal \u00ab je veux \u00eatre Chateaubriand ou rien. \u00bb Chateaubriand, l'auteur d'Atala, un roman \u00e0 succ\u00e8s.<\/p>\n                    <p>Il a une ambition d\u00e9mesur\u00e9e et une farouche d\u00e9termination. Quand l'Acad\u00e9mie fran\u00e7aise lance un concours de po\u00e9sie, en 1817, Victor qui n'a que 15 ans, compose rapidement un po\u00e8me qui est class\u00e9 9e et lui vaut une mention. Il passe le plus clair de son temps \u00e0 \u00e9crire et il ach\u00e8ve, \u00e0 16 ans, son deuxi\u00e8me roman.<\/p>\n                    <p>Mais sa jeunesse heureuse se termine quand il apprend la mort de sa maman, qui l'avait autant aim\u00e9. Il retrouve l'amour avec une amie d'enfance, Ad\u00e8le Foucher, avec laquelle il se mariera une fois que sa situation \u00e9conomique \u00e9tait convenable pour la famille. Leur mariage suivit leur premi\u00e8re \u00e9preuve suite \u00e0 la mort de L\u00e9opold, leur fils a\u00een\u00e9, \u00e0 l'\u00e2ge de quatre mois. Ensuite, arriva L\u00e9opoldine, leur deuxi\u00e8me fille. Quel bonheur pour Victor, tr\u00e8s amoureux de sa femme et de sa \u00ab Didine \u00bb.<\/p>\n                    <p>Son inspiration s'envole. Il \u00e9crit une pr\u00e9face qui sera consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme le manifeste du \u00ab romantisme \u00bb. Un nouveau mouvement litt\u00e9raire d\u00e9fendu par les jeunes \u00e9crivains qui veulent faire triompher la sensibilit\u00e9 et l'imaginaire.<\/p>\n                    <p>\u00c0 25 ans, Victor Hugo devient le chef de file de la nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration des jeunes auteurs : Balzac, Vigny, M\u00e9rim\u00e9e, Sainte-Beuve...<\/p>\n                    <p>\u00c0 26 ans, Victor Hugo est d\u00e9j\u00e0 un \u00e9crivain reconnu. Il d\u00e9cida de faire un roman encadr\u00e9 au Moyen \u00c2ge, Notre-Dame, qui restera un monument de papier et d'encre \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la vieille cath\u00e9drale. D\u00e8s sa sortie, en 1831, il rencontre un \u00e9norme succ\u00e8s.<\/p>\n                    <p>Les succ\u00e8s s'encha\u00eenent, mais sa vie intime est en train de se craqueler... Victor d\u00e9couvre que son grand ami Sainte-Beuve et sa femme, Ad\u00e8le, ont une relation amoureuse. \u00ab La haine, c'est l'hiver du c\u0153ur \u00bb \u00e9crit-il dans Les Contemplations.<\/p>\n                    <p>Apr\u00e8s cette exp\u00e9rience douloureuse, il retrouvera l'espoir avec la rencontre de Juliette Drouet, une jeune actrice bretonne qui repr\u00e9sentait sa pi\u00e8ce Lucr\u00e8ce Borgia au th\u00e9\u00e2tre de la Porte Saint-Martin. \u00ab Na\u00eet-on deux fois ? Oui, la premi\u00e8re fois, le jour o\u00f9 l'on na\u00eet \u00e0 la vie ; la seconde fois, le jour o\u00f9 l'on na\u00eet \u00e0 l'amour. \u00bb Il lui \u00e9crira.<\/p>\n                    <p>La correspondance entre Victor et Juliette est un monument unique dans l'histoire de la litt\u00e9rature amoureuse. \u00c0 elle seule, il lui a \u00e9crit entre 20 000 et 25 000 lettres. Cet amour puissant durera cinquante ans. Pourtant, jamais Victor ne songera \u00e0 quitter sa femme.<\/p>\n                    <p>Malheureusement, son c\u0153ur sera bris\u00e9 \u00e0 nouveau apr\u00e8s la mort de sa fille L\u00e9opoldine \u00e0 laquelle il \u00e9crira le plus beau po\u00e8me :<\/p>\n                    <p class=\"itext-poem\">Demain, d\u00e8s l'aube, \u00e0 l'heure o\u00f9 blanchit la campagne,<br>Je partirai. Vois-tu, je sais que tu m'attends.<br>J'irai par la for\u00eat, j'irai par la montagne.<br>Je ne puis demeurer loin de toi plus longtemps.<br><br>Je marcherai les yeux fix\u00e9s sur mes pens\u00e9es,<br>Sans rien voir au-dehors, sans entendre aucun bruit,<br>Seul, inconnu, le dos courb\u00e9, les mains crois\u00e9es,<br>Triste, et le jour pour moi sera comme la nuit.<br><br>Je ne regarderai ni l'or du soir qui tombe,<br>Ni les voiles au loin descendant vers Harfleur,<br>Et quand j'arriverai, je mettrai sur ta tombe<br>Un bouquet de houx vert et de bruy\u00e8re en fleur.<\/p>\n                    <p>La mort de L\u00e9opoldine a cass\u00e9 net l'inspiration du po\u00e8te. Victor trouve alors un d\u00e9rivatif dans la vie politique. Dans ses discours, il d\u00e9nonce avec force l'injustice sociale et continue \u00e0 proclamer son opposition \u00e0 la peine de mort.<\/p>\n                    <p>Il va se battre toute sa vie pour son abolition, demandant r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement gr\u00e2ce au roi et \u00e0 des souverains \u00e9trangers pour que des condamn\u00e9s \u00e9chappent \u00e0 l'ex\u00e9cution.<\/p>\n                    <p>Apr\u00e8s l'abdication du roi Louis-Philippe, la Deuxi\u00e8me R\u00e9publique est proclam\u00e9e, en 1848. Peu \u00e0 peu, Victor prend ses distances vis-\u00e0-vis du prince-pr\u00e9sident Louis Napol\u00e9on.<\/p>\n                    <p>Il devient finalement son opposant le plus f\u00e9roce. \u00ab Quoi ! parce que nous avons eu Napol\u00e9on le Grand, il faut que nous ayons Napol\u00e9on le Petit \u00bb. En 1851, Louis Napol\u00e9on prend le pouvoir par un coup d'\u00c9tat et le gouvernement bannit Victor Hugo de France. Il est recherch\u00e9 par les soldats, mais il s'\u00e9chappe dans un train direction Belgique. Un long exil commence.<\/p>\n                    <p>Pendant son exil, il v\u00e9cut \u00e0 Jersey, puis \u00e0 Guernesey o\u00f9 il finira Les Contemplations. Un recueil de po\u00e8mes qui rencontre un succ\u00e8s imm\u00e9diat. Cette vie d'exil\u00e9 va pourtant \u00eatre un formidable moteur pour l'inspiration du po\u00e8te. Jamais il n'a eu autant le temps et la disponibilit\u00e9 d'esprit pour \u00e9crire. C'est \u00e0 Guernesey que naissent Les Mis\u00e9rables.<\/p>\n                    <p>Apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9faite de Napol\u00e9on III, Victor Hugo peut enfin revenir : son exil aura dur\u00e9 19 ans. Tr\u00e8s vite, Hugo reprend ses activit\u00e9s politiques. Il est \u00e9lu d\u00e9put\u00e9, puis s\u00e9nateur. Il se fait l'ardent d\u00e9fenseur des droits de l'homme. \u00ab Vous n'avez rien fait tant que ceux qui sont dans la force de l'\u00e2ge et qui travaillent peuvent \u00eatre sans pain ! Tant que ceux qui sont vieux et qui ne peuvent plus travailler sont sans asile ! \u00bb<\/p>\n                    <p>Le 22 mai 1885, l'ic\u00f4ne de la litt\u00e9rature fran\u00e7aise est mort \u00e0 83 ans. Un deuil national est proclam\u00e9, les foules lui rendent hommage pendant une semaine. Le cercueil est expos\u00e9 sous l'Arc de Triomphe. Sa tombe se trouve au Panth\u00e9on, lieu de s\u00e9pulture officielle pour les grandes personnalit\u00e9s fran\u00e7aises.<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n\n                <div class=\"itext-section\">\n                    <div class=\"itext-section-head itext-head-green\">1. Premi\u00e8re lecture \u2014 sujet et objectif<\/div>\n                    <p class=\"itext-instruction\">Apr\u00e8s une premi\u00e8re lecture du texte, identifiez : le th\u00e8me principal, le sujet du texte et son objectif.<\/p>\n                    <div class=\"itext-block-field\"><label>Th\u00e8me principal :<\/label><textarea class=\"itext-textarea\"><\/textarea><\/div>\n                    <div class=\"itext-block-field\"><label>Sujet du texte :<\/label><textarea class=\"itext-textarea\"><\/textarea><\/div>\n                    <div class=\"itext-block-field\"><label>Objectif du texte :<\/label><textarea class=\"itext-textarea\"><\/textarea><\/div>\n                    <button class=\"itext-btn secondary\" data-label=\"Voir une r\u00e9ponse possible\" onclick=\"window.itextToggleExamples('ex-first', this)\" style=\"margin-left:0;\">Voir une r\u00e9ponse possible<\/button>\n                    <div class=\"itext-examples\" id=\"ex-first\">\n                        <strong>Th\u00e8me principal :<\/strong> l'amour, le deuil et la cr\u00e9ation dans la vie de Victor Hugo.<br>\n                        <strong>Sujet :<\/strong> le parcours de vie de Victor Hugo, de l'enfance et des premiers \u00e9crits jusqu'au succ\u00e8s litt\u00e9raire, aux drames personnels, \u00e0 l'engagement politique, \u00e0 l'exil et \u00e0 la reconnaissance.<br>\n                        <strong>Objectif :<\/strong> montrer comment ses exp\u00e9riences personnelles (amour, deuils, exil) ont nourri sa cr\u00e9ation litt\u00e9raire et son combat pour la justice.\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                <div class=\"itext-section\">\n                    <div class=\"itext-section-head itext-head-red\">2. Associer les titres aux parties du texte<\/div>\n                    <p class=\"itext-instruction\">Relisez le texte et associez les titres donn\u00e9s \u00e0 chaque partie du texte :<\/p>\n                    ${order.map((idx, i) => `\n                        <div class=\"itext-match-row\">\n                            <p class=\"itext-match-excerpt\">${HUGO_MATCH[idx].excerpt}<\/p>\n                            <select class=\"itext-select\" data-answer=\"${HUGO_MATCH[idx].title}\">\n                                <option value=\"\">\u2014 Choisis le titre \u2014<\/option>\n                                ${HUGO_TITLES.map(t => `<option value=\"${t}\">${t}<\/option>`).join('')}\n                            <\/select>\n                        <\/div>`).join('')}\n                    <button class=\"itext-btn\" onclick=\"window.itextCheckMatch()\">V\u00e9rifier les associations<\/button>\n                    <div class=\"itext-feedback-msg\" id=\"match-msg\"><\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                <div class=\"itext-section\">\n                    <div class=\"itext-section-head itext-head-orange\">3. Exercice de reformulation<\/div>\n                    <p class=\"itext-instruction\">Reformulez les phrases suivantes en changeant le temps du verbe, sans en modifier le sens.<\/p>\n                    ${HUGO_REFORM.map((r, i) => `\n                        <div class=\"itext-reform-item\">\n                            <span class=\"itext-reform-prompt\">${r.prompt}<\/span>\n                            <p class=\"itext-reform-original\">\u00ab${r.original}\u00bb<\/p>\n                            <input class=\"itext-input\" id=\"reform-${i}\" type=\"text\" autocomplete=\"off\" placeholder=\"\u00c9cris la phrase reformul\u00e9e...\">\n                        <\/div>`).join('')}\n                    <button class=\"itext-btn\" onclick=\"window.itextCheckReform()\">V\u00e9rifier les reformulations<\/button>\n                    <button class=\"itext-btn secondary\" data-label=\"Voir les corrections\" onclick=\"window.itextToggleExamples('ex-reform', this)\">Voir les corrections<\/button>\n                    <div class=\"itext-feedback-msg\" id=\"reform-msg\"><\/div>\n                    <div class=\"itext-examples\" id=\"ex-reform\">\n                        ${HUGO_REFORM.map(r => `<strong>${r.prompt} :<\/strong><br>${r.answer}<br><br>`).join('')}\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                <div class=\"itext-download\">\n                    <p class=\"itext-download-text\">Les fiches de travail en format PDF :<\/p>\n                    <a href=\"${IT_PDF}\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" download class=\"itext-btn itext-btn-download\">\ud83d\udcc4 Fiche 1 \u2014 Texte et titres<\/a>\n                    <a href=\"${IT_PDF2}\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" download class=\"itext-btn itext-btn-download secondary\">\ud83d\udcc4 Fiche 2 \u2014 Reformulation<\/a>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>`;\n    };\n\n    window.itextCheckMatch = function() {\n        const sels = document.querySelectorAll('.itext-select');\n        let ok = 0, answered = 0;\n        sels.forEach(sel => {\n            const row = sel.closest('.itext-match-row');\n            row.classList.remove('ok', 'no');\n            if (!sel.value) return;\n            answered++;\n            if (sel.value === sel.dataset.answer) { ok++; row.classList.add('ok'); }\n            else row.classList.add('no');\n        });\n        const msg = document.getElementById('match-msg');\n        if (answered < sels.length) {\n            msg.style.color = '#D62828';\n            msg.innerText = 'Compl\u00e8te les ' + sels.length + ' associations.';\n            return;\n        }\n        const allOk = ok === sels.length;\n        msg.style.color = allOk ? '#004F2D' : '#B26A00';\n        msg.innerText = allOk\n            ? '\u2705 Parfait ! Toutes les associations sont correctes.'\n            : `\ud83d\udd0e Tu as ${ok}\/${sels.length} correctes. Corrige celles en rouge et r\u00e9essaie.`;\n    };\n\n    window.itextCheckReform = function() {\n        let ok = 0, answered = 0;\n        HUGO_REFORM.forEach((r, i) => {\n            const inp = document.getElementById('reform-' + i);\n            inp.classList.remove('ok', 'no');\n            if (!inp.value.trim()) return;\n            answered++;\n            const good = r.keys.every(k => hasWord(inp.value, k));\n            inp.classList.add(good ? 'ok' : 'no');\n            if (good) ok++;\n        });\n        const msg = document.getElementById('reform-msg');\n        if (answered === 0) {\n            msg.style.color = '#D62828';\n            msg.innerText = '\u00c9cris d\\'abord les reformulations dans les cases.';\n            return;\n        }\n        const allOk = ok === HUGO_REFORM.length;\n        msg.style.color = allOk ? '#004F2D' : '#B26A00';\n        msg.innerText = allOk\n            ? '\u2705 Excellent ! Tu as reformul\u00e9 correctement toutes les phrases.'\n            : `\ud83d\udd0e Tu as ${ok}\/${HUGO_REFORM.length} correctes. V\u00e9rifie le temps du verbe dans celles en rouge (clique sur \u00abVoir les corrections\u00bb si tu as besoin d'aide).`;\n    };\n\n    window.itextToggleExamples = function(id, btn) {\n        const box = document.getElementById(id);\n        box.classList.toggle('show');\n        btn.innerText = box.classList.contains('show') ? 'Masquer' : btn.dataset.label;\n    };\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 QUIZ \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n    window.showQuizIntro = function() {\n        score = 0; currentIdx = 0;\n        document.getElementById('activity-content-loader').innerHTML = `\n            <div class=\"quiz-splash-elegant\">\n                <div class=\"splash-emoji\">${QUIZ_SPLASH_EMOJI}<\/div>\n                <h2>${QUIZ_TITLE}<\/h2>\n                <button onclick=\"window.startQuizNow()\" class=\"btn-start-hero\">${START_LABEL}<\/button>\n            <\/div>`;\n    };\n\n    window.startQuizNow = function() { renderNextQ(); };\n\n    function renderProgressBar(current, total) {\n        const pct = Math.round((current \/ total) * 100);\n        return `<div class=\"quiz-progress-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"quiz-progress-label\"><span>${QUIZ_LABEL} ${current + 1} \/ ${total}<\/span><span>${pct}%<\/span><\/div>\n            <div class=\"progress-track\"><div class=\"progress-fill\" style=\"width:${pct}%\"><\/div><\/div>\n        <\/div>`;\n    }\n\n    function renderNextQ() {\n        const data = QUIZ_DATA[currentIdx];\n        const loader = document.getElementById('activity-content-loader');\n        loader.innerHTML = `<div class=\"quiz-q-box\">${renderProgressBar(currentIdx, TOTAL)}<p class=\"quiz-question-text\">${data.q}<\/p><div id=\"opts-wrap\"><\/div><\/div>`;\n        requestAnimationFrame(() => {\n            const fill = loader.querySelector('.progress-fill');\n            if (fill) { const t = fill.style.width; fill.style.width = '0%'; requestAnimationFrame(() => { fill.style.width = t; }); }\n        });\n        data.a.forEach((opt, i) => {\n            const b = document.createElement('button');\n            b.className = 'opt-btn-elegant';\n            b.innerText = `${LABELS[i]}. ${opt}`;\n            b.onclick = () => validateAns(i, b);\n            document.getElementById('opts-wrap').appendChild(b);\n        });\n    }\n\n    function validateAns(idx, btn) {\n        const correct = QUIZ_DATA[currentIdx].c;\n        document.querySelectorAll('.opt-btn-elegant').forEach(b => { b.disabled = true; });\n        if(idx === correct) { score++; btn.classList.add('correct-style'); }\n        else { btn.classList.add('wrong-style'); document.querySelectorAll('.opt-btn-elegant')[correct].classList.add('correct-style'); }\n        setTimeout(() => { currentIdx++; if(currentIdx < TOTAL) renderNextQ(); else showFinalResult(); }, 1300);\n    }\n\n    function showFinalResult() {\n        const loader = document.getElementById('activity-content-loader');\n        loader.innerHTML = `<div class=\"quiz-result-box\">\n            <div class=\"quiz-result-emoji\">${emoji(score)}<\/div>\n            <p class=\"quiz-result-score\">Score : ${score} \/ ${TOTAL}<\/p>\n            <p class=\"quiz-result-msg\">${msgFinal(score)}<\/p>\n            <button onclick=\"window.showQuizIntro()\" class=\"btn-retry\">${RETRY_LABEL}<\/button>\n        <\/div>`;\n        if(score === TOTAL) {\n            const end = Date.now() + 4000;\n            (function frame() {\n                confetti({ particleCount: 3, angle: 60, spread: 55, origin: { x: 0 }, colors: ['#FB6C13', '#F9C80E', '#003049'] });\n                confetti({ particleCount: 3, angle: 120, spread: 55, origin: { x: 1 }, colors: ['#FB6C13', '#F9C80E', '#003049'] });\n                if (Date.now() < end) requestAnimationFrame(frame);\n            }());\n        }\n    }\n})();\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e4716f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6e4716f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5aa3bfb elementor-widget elementor-widget-afd_audio_player\" data-id=\"5aa3bfb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"afd_audio_player.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t    <div\n        class=\"afd-ap\"\n        id=\"afd-ap-1\"\n        style=\"--afd-ap-color: #bc1823\"\n        data-tracks='[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/afostodata.ro\\\/europeanicons\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Victor-Hugo-v1.mp3&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Victor Hugo&quot;,&quot;subtitle&quot;:&quot;&quot;}]'\n        data-autoplay=\"0\"\n    >\n        <div class=\"afd-ap__bar\">\n            \n            <button class=\"afd-ap__btn afd-ap__btn--play\" type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Play\">\n                <svg class=\"afd-ap__icon-play\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7L8 5z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/><\/svg>\n                <svg class=\"afd-ap__icon-pause\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" hidden><path d=\"M6 5h4v14H6zM14 5h4v14h-4z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/><\/svg>\n            <\/button>\n\n            \n            <div class=\"afd-ap__meta\">\n                                    <span class=\"afd-ap__sub\"><\/span>\n                                <span class=\"afd-ap__title\">\n                    Victor Hugo                <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"afd-ap__progress\">\n                <span class=\"afd-ap__time afd-ap__time--now\">0:00<\/span>\n                <div class=\"afd-ap__scrub\" role=\"slider\" aria-label=\"Pozi\u021bie\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-valuemin=\"0\" aria-valuemax=\"100\" aria-valuenow=\"0\">\n                    <div class=\"afd-ap__scrub-fill\"><\/div>\n                    <div class=\"afd-ap__scrub-thumb\"><\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                <span class=\"afd-ap__time afd-ap__time--total\">0:00<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n                            <div class=\"afd-ap__speed\">\n                    <button class=\"afd-ap__btn afd-ap__btn--speed\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"menu\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"Vitez\u0103\">\n                        <span class=\"afd-ap__speed-label\">1\u00d7<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                    <div class=\"afd-ap__speed-menu\" role=\"menu\" hidden>\n                        <button type=\"button\" role=\"menuitem\" data-speed=\"0.5\">0.5\u00d7<\/button>\n                        <button type=\"button\" role=\"menuitem\" data-speed=\"0.75\">0.75\u00d7<\/button>\n                        <button type=\"button\" role=\"menuitem\" data-speed=\"1\" class=\"is-active\">1\u00d7<\/button>\n                        <button type=\"button\" role=\"menuitem\" data-speed=\"1.25\">1.25\u00d7<\/button>\n                        <button type=\"button\" role=\"menuitem\" data-speed=\"1.5\">1.5\u00d7<\/button>\n                        <button type=\"button\" role=\"menuitem\" data-speed=\"2\">2\u00d7<\/button>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            \n            \n            <audio class=\"afd-ap__audio\" preload=\"metadata\"><\/audio>\n        <\/div>\n\n            <\/div>\n    \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Destin \u2022 Libert\u00e9 \u2022 \u00c9ternit\u00e9 Victor Hugo Maison &gt; Victor Hugo La libert\u00e9 d&#8217;aimer n\u2019est pas moins sacr\u00e9 que la libert\u00e9 de penser Ce b\u00e9b\u00e9 ne survivra pas\u201d d\u00e9clare la sage-femme \u00e0 la naissance de Victor Hugo. Mais Sophie, la maman, entoure son b\u00e9b\u00e9 de tendresse et d\u2019amour, et Victor survit\u202f! Il grandit \u00e0 Paris, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14058","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"lang":"fr","translations":{"fr":14058,"en":13429,"ro":12644,"el":13633,"it":13820},"pll_sync_post":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14058","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14058"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14058\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17866,"href":"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14058\/revisions\/17866"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/afostodata.ro\/europeanicons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}